MODERN LINGUISTICS: THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS AND PRACTICAL APPLICATION

Abstract

This article explores the central theoretical principles of modern linguistics and shows how they are applied in real-world contexts. It emphasizes the interdisciplinary nature of contemporary linguistic research and discusses major approaches such as structural, cognitive, functional, and sociolinguistic perspectives. The paper also outlines how these theoretical frameworks contribute to fields like education, translation, language technologies, and discourse studies, highlighting the growing relevance of linguistics in understanding communication and social interaction.